4/6/2024 0 Comments Laser light show kitBoyden and Deisseroth then brought lasers, computers, and fibre optics into the mix, creating a way in which hundreds, or even thousands, of neurons could be manipulated in living, breathing animals with millisecond timing. In collaboration with Ernst Bamberg, Georg Nagel, and Feng Zhang, they repurposed the gene into something new: a tool that could make individual neurons (or sets of neurons) fire on command. In the summer of 2004, Ed Boyden (then a graduate student working in the laboratory of Richard Tsien) and Karl Deisseroth (then launching his own laboratory at Stanford), took similar principles to an entirely new level, using the encoding sequence of a protein called ChR2, borrowed from unicellular green algae, which guides movement in response to light.
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